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Psychoanalysis is seen as one of the most influential intellectual trends of 20th century, which came into being in Vienna at the end of the nineteenth century. Psychoanalysis profoundly changed the prevailing concept of the human psyche and established a theoretical and practical basis for modern psychological treatment. Its intellectual and cultural spread is still significant.
Perhaps it was not accidental that Freud's first significant and at the same time most original work "The Interpretation of Dreams" was published at the dawn of the 20th century. This book, as the standard work of the new science, laid down analysis of dreams to be the "royal road" to the unconscious, to still unknown psychic areas of man. Poets and philosophers had already known a lot about the secrets of the mind, but Freud was the first to grasp it in its entirety in "The Interpretation of Dreams". Here he wrote for the first time that dreams, just like psychic illnesses, were the results of the struggle between conscious and unconscious psychic forces.
The method of free association elaborated in the course of treatment made the art of listening to be the tool of healing again. The Freudian concept of man, just like Musil's novels and Schönberg's music, reflects the crisis of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the critical stage of liberalism of that time. According to the world concept of liberalism man is independent, free and rational in his thoughts, intentions and decisions. But Freud thought that a considerable part of psychic life happens unconsciously, and that man is not a "master of his own house". He is able to obtain knowledge of his genuine, inner drives by analyzing them carefully.
At the beginning psychoanalysis met resistance just like Kepler's and Darwin's scientific discoveries, as it called attention to the significance of infantile sexuality, that later became a stumbling block. Freud also threw light on the complexity of parent-child relationships and he called it the Oedipal Complex, after the ancient Greek drama. It was not easy to make all these acceptable in the contemporary, hypocritical Vienna, although Freud emphasized the controlling role of society and culture over the strength of instincts. In these conversations, we trace these ideas.
credits
1993 - 55 min. - video
Directed by • Péter Forgács
Consultants • Dr. György Gergely, Dr. Márta Fülöp
Narrators • Ági Csere, János Kulka
Camera • Gábor Ferenczi, Péter Forgács, István Jávor
Sound • Kati Gulyás
Assistant • Zsuzsa Ujj
Editor • Márta Révész
BBS line producer • Ferenc Komjáthy
HTV Rt. / FMS line producers • Gyula Kovács, István Szalai, András Tóth
FMS-HTV producer • Jolán Árvai
list of participants
Dr. André Haynal (Geneva), training analyst
Dr. Béla Buda, psychiatrist
Dr. Ferenc Erős, social psychologist
Dr. Kinga Göncz, psychoanalyst
Dr. Béla Grünberger (Paris), training analyst
Dr. György Hidas, training analyst
Dr. Livia Nemes, training analyst
Dr. István Székács, psychoanalyst
Dr. Gábor Paneth, training analyst
Dr. Csaba Pléh, professor of psychology
Dr. György Vikár, training analyst produced by
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